Is it legal to fire an employee without notice in India?

Generally, no, Indian labour laws require employers to give a notice period (usually 30–90 days) or salary in lieu, under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and various Shops and Establishments Acts.

However, immediate termination is legally valid in cases of gross misconduct (such as theft, fraud, violence), probationary employment if the contract allows, or expiry of a fixed-term contract.

Even then, due process like a domestic inquiry must be followed. In Delhi Transport Corporation v. DTC Mazdoor Congress (1991), the Supreme Court held that termination without adhering to principles of natural justice is unlawful.