Is it legal to refuse to show ID to the police in India?

Refusing to show ID to the police isn’t automatically illegal; it depends on legal authority. Under Section 160 of the CrPC, police can ask individuals to identify themselves if they’re connected to an investigation.

Drivers must show their licence under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, and ID may also be required during security checks or preventive actions under Sections 41–151 of the CrPC.

If a person refuses without a valid reason during a lawful demand, they can be charged under Section 186 of the IPC for obstructing a public servant. Otherwise, citizens can politely ask officers to explain the legal basis.