What is a Test Identification Parade (TIP)?

A Test Identification Parade (TIP) is a procedure conducted during a criminal investigation to help a witness identify a suspect. Police usually organise it when the accused is not previously known to the witness.

A Magistrate supervises the TIP to ensure fairness and prevent police influence. The witness identifies the suspect from a group of similar-looking persons. Courts treat TIP as part of the investigation, not as substantive evidence. 

The Court held that identification in court carries more weight, while TIP helps corroborate the witness’s testimony.

If the accused refuses to participate, the Court may draw an adverse inference.