What is the Difference Between Appeal, Review, and Revision in Indian Law?

In Indian law, appeal, review, and revision are different ways to challenge a court order.

An appeal allows a higher court to re-examine the case. The Court looks at both facts and law and may confirm, change, or set aside the decision.

A review is filed before the same court. The Court reviews its order only if there is a clear error, new evidence, or sufficient reason. The Court does not hear the case again in detail.

A revision gives the High Court supervisory power. The Court checks whether the lower court acted within its jurisdiction and followed proper procedure.

In simple terms, appeal reconsiders the case, review corrects mistakes, and revision ensures legal discipline.