What is the Doctrine of Forum Conveniens?

The doctrine of forum conveniens allows a court to refuse to hear a case if another court is more appropriate to decide it. The Court examines factors such as convenience of parties, location of evidence, applicable law, and interests of justice.

Indian courts apply this doctrine mainly in cases involving multiple jurisdictions. The Supreme Court has held that courts must ensure proceedings are not oppressive or vexatious.

The Court does not dismiss the case on merits. It only decides whether another forum is better suited to hear the dispute.

In simple terms, the doctrine helps courts prevent unnecessary hardship and ensures cases are heard in the most suitable forum.